ABA Therapy for Autism in Different Settings: Home, Centre and School

Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) therapy is often described as a single approach, but in reality it can look very different depending on the setting and the individual child with autism or other similar neurodivergent needs. ABA is a science-based approach that focuses on understanding behaviour and supporting the development of meaningful, functional skills. It can be implemented in the home, in therapy centres, and in schools, with each setting offering distinct benefits. Understanding these differences can help parents make informed decisions that align with their child’s needs and well-being.

Home-Based ABA: Building Skills in a Natural Environment

ABA therapy at home often focuses on everyday life skills such as communication, emotional regulation, self-care, and daily routines. Because learning happens in a familiar environment, children may find it easier to use these skills naturally. Home-based ABA allows support to be tailored to a child’s communication style, sensory needs, and comfort level. Research shows that when skills are taught within real-life routines, children are more likely to generalise them beyond therapy sessions. Effective home programmes prioritise flexibility and collaboration with families, rather than rigid expectations.

Centre-Based ABA: Structure, Consistency, and Skill Acquisition

Centre-based ABA therapy provides a structured and predictable environment that can support skill development through clear routines and planned learning activities. This setting may be beneficial for children who respond well to consistency and repetition. However, children vary in how they experience structured environments. High-quality centre-based programmes recognise these differences and adjust teaching strategies based on each child’s engagement, preferences, and emotional responses. Planning for skills to transfer from the centre to home and school is an essential part of ethical and effective practice.

Different learning activities and targets can be achieved at different learning environments.

ABA in Schools: Fostering Inclusion and Classroom Participation

In school settings, ABA is commonly used to support learning, participation, and inclusion. Rather than focusing solely on behaviour reduction, school-based ABA aims to remove barriers to learning by supporting attention, transitions, peer interactions, and classroom engagement. This often involves working collaboratively with teachers to implement practical strategies within daily classroom routines. Evidence indicates that when behaviour support is embedded naturally into the school environment, students are more likely to remain engaged and included alongside their peers.

Choosing the Right ABA Model for your Child

For parents considering ABA therapy, the most important factor is not the setting itself, but how well the support is individualised. Helpful questions to ask include: Does this programme respect my child’s communication and sensory needs? Are goals focused on improving daily life rather than enforcing compliance? Is there a clear plan for using skills across different environments? When ABA therapy is responsive, child-centred, and connected across home, centre, and school, it can provide meaningful and sustainable support for a child’s development.

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Written by: Mable Lai, BCBA, MCBA, Course Instructor

Edited by: Raja Nishah