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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects how a person interacts with others, communicates, and processes sensory information as well as restricted pattern of behaviour and interest. While the signs and symptoms of ASD can vary widely from person to person, some common features include difficulty with social interaction, repetitive behaviors, and restricted interests.
If you are a parent in Malaysia and you suspect that your child may have ASD, it is important to seek out a health care professional with the necessary credentials such a developmental pediatrician or a clinical psychologist who can conduct a thorough assessment and provide an accurate diagnosis. A diagnosis of ASD can help you understand your child's needs and provide them with the support and services they require to thrive.
Assessments used for diagnosing ASD
Clinical psychologists in Malaysia use a variety of tools to diagnose ASD, including observation, interviews, and standardized assessments. Some common assessments include:
Diagnosis and its meaning
If your child is diagnosed with ASD, it means that they meet the criteria for the disorder as outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). A diagnosis of ASD is based on a comprehensive assessment of the child's behavior and development, and takes into account their social communication skills, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors.
The diagnosis of ASD can help you understand your child's behavior and provide them with appropriate support and services. In Malaysia, children with ASD are eligible for a range of services, including early intervention programs, speech and language therapy, and special education.
Long-term outlook for children with ASD
The long-term outlook for children with ASD can vary widely depending on the severity of their symptoms and the support and services they receive. While some children with ASD may require ongoing support and assistance throughout their lives, others may be able to function independently as adults.
Research has shown that early intervention and appropriate support can greatly improve outcomes for children with ASD. In Malaysia, early intervention programs can help children with ASD develop communication and social skills, manage their behavior, and achieve their full potential.
How is autism different from other conditions?
It is important to note that autism is a complex disorder that can be difficult to diagnose, and it is not uncommon for children to be misdiagnosed with other conditions that have similar symptoms. Some conditions that may be mistaken for ASD include:
1. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Children with ADHD may have difficulty with attention and focus, as well as hyperactive and impulsive behaviors. However, they typically do not have the same social communication and interaction difficulties seen in children with ASD.
2. Intellectual disability
Children with intellectual disability may have delays in cognitive development and may struggle with adaptive skills such as communication and daily living activities. However, they typically do not have the same restricted interests and repetitive behaviors seen in children with ASD.
3. Language disorders
Children with language disorders may have difficulty with expressive and receptive language skills, but typically do not have the same difficulties with social communication and interaction seen in children with ASD.
In conclusion, if you are a parent in Malaysia and you suspect that your child may have ASD, it is important to seek out to a health care professional who can conduct a thorough evaluation and provide an accurate diagnosis as well as treatment recommendation.
Written by:
Varsyni Thanabalan, Master of Clinical Psychology (MCP)
Clinical Psychologist